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Graphical application using raytracing
Grafická aplikace využívající raytracing
(Czech Technical University in Prague, 2026-08-03) Afanasov, Valerii; Virius, Miroslav; Nový, Josef
This thesis presents the design and implementation of an interactive desktop application that combines a real-time rasterized preview with an offline Monte Carlo path tracer in a single graphical user interface. The system is written in C++17 and uses OpenGL 3.3 for the hardware-accelerated preview, the Dear ImGui immediate-mode library for the user interface, and a CPU path tracer developed from the Ray Tracing in One Weekend pedagogical series and refactored into a reusable engine. The central design idea is a shared scene model: the same scene data structures drive both the fast preview, which uses traditional rasterization to support continuous interaction, and the slower but physically accurate path tracer, which is invoked on demand and whose output is displayed inside an ImGui panel as a GPU texture. The application supports four analytic primitives (sphere, cone, box and plane), placed and oriented by instance transforms, and four materials (Lambertian diffuse, metal, dielectric, and an emissive light that illuminates the scene through the same path-tracing integral). The scene is edited through an outliner-style object list, per-object property sliders, ray-based mouse picking and a translate/rotate manipulation gizmo, with a single orbit camera shared by both renderers; the preview itself is rendered off-screen into a framebuffer object (FBO) and composited into the docked window layout by ImGui. The path tracer is parallelised across CPU cores and runs on a background thread, so the interface stays responsive while an image is being computed. A dedicated Render panel performs high-quality renders with user-controlled sampling and depth budgets and writes the result to disk through hand-written PNG and PPM encoders, and scenes themselves can be saved to and reloaded from a plain-text format. The thesis covers the theoretical background of image synthesis (rasterization, off-screen rendering, classical ray tracing, the rendering equation and Monte Carlo path tracing, and ray-based picking), surveys the state of the art in interactive renderers, describes the architecture and implementation, and evaluates the result through unit and memory-safety testing, a measured multi-core speed-up, and a side-by-side comparison of the two renderers.
Weather-related Benefits of Low-level Flight Routes for Helicopters
Výhodnost nízkých letových tratí pro vrtulníky z pohledu počasí
(Czech Technical University in Prague) Stružková, Denisa; Kraus, Jakub; Klazarová, Michaela
Low-altitude helicopter operations are limited by visibility, cloud ceiling, and other meteorological phenomena. This thesis examines whether low-level routes and Point-in-Space procedures could improve the meteorological availability of emergency and police helicopter operations in the Czech Republic. Hourly data from the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute from 2023 to 2025 were used. Point measurements of visibility, cloud ceiling, relative humidity, and temperature were spatially interpolated along a route network totalling 650 kilometres. Each record was evaluated to determine whether instrument flight rules were required and whether icing conditions could occur. Approach and departure options were evaluated for the bases in Prague, Brno, and Ostrava. Conditions requiring instrument flight were identified on an average of 75.92 % of the network during each hour. Depending on the selected temperature threshold, conditions favourable for icing occurred on at least part of the routes during 14.21 % and 28.51 % of the hours. The most favourable procedure variants achieved availability between 56.92 % and 80.79 %, while availability without their use ranged from 19.58 % to 36.00 %. Low-level routes and Point-in-Space procedures could improve the meteorological availability of helicopter operations. However, their practical use also depends on icing, local conditions, helicopter equipment, and crew training.
Stochastic differential equations and their applications
Stochastické diferenciální rovnice a jejich aplikace
(Czech Technical University in Prague, 2026-08-03) Kubiš, Ivan; Beneš, Michal; Kukal, Jaromír
This thesis deals with the theory necessary for defining the concept of a stochastic differential equation. Its goal is to identify suitable illustrative examples of stochastic processes in the natural sciences, introduce basic concepts from the theory of probability and random processes, cover the fundamentals of stochastic integration, present the definition and methods of analyzing stochastic differential equations, and apply these methods to examples. Furthermore, it seeks to fill in the gaps that are often overlooked or simplified in specialized texts. It progressively addresses the motivation for studying this topic, tools from probability theory, random processes, particularly the Wiener process, filtration, Markov times and martingales, stochastic integrals, and finally the stochastic differential equations themselves. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the solutions to stochastic differential equations from various fields using the theory presented.
Parallelization of Thermohydraulic Calculations in the Lumped Parameters Method
Paralelizace termohydraulických výpočtů prováděných metodou středovaných parametrů
(Czech Technical University in Prague, 2026-08-03) Filipovych, Vladyslav; Kobylka, Dušan; Klouzal, Jan; Strachota, Pavel; Mátl, Jakub
The thesis deals with the design and implementation of parallelization for thermohydraulic calculations based on the lumped-parameter method. It focuses on the implicit solution of two-phase flow using a nonlinear system of balance equations. The proposed approach employs the independent evaluation of columns of the numerical Jacobian and an auxiliary parallel solver branch using a smaller time step. Both techniques are integrated into the modular architecture of the developed computational program. Performance benchmarks were conducted on several hardware configurations and for different problem sizes to compare the sequential and parallel variants.
Analysis of the Security Test Evaluation Process Using a Systemic Approach
Analýza procesu vyhodnocování bezpečnostních testů pomocí systémového přístupu
(Czech Technical University in Prague) Heřmanská, Máša; Guskova, Natalja; Vokáč, Roman; Kohoutek, Adam
This bachelor thesis examines the security test evaluation process within the environment of security control and its ability to contribute to improving airport security standards. The current approach is described in publicly available sources mainly in a general form and focuses primarily on the execution of the test, its formal closure, or partial causes of failure. The analysis was carried out primarily on the basis of the system description provided in the National Civil Aviation Security Quality Control Programme of the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to use a systemic approach to identify possible loss scenarios leading to system-level hazards in the security test evaluation process and to propose measures enabling their timely identification or limiting their occurrence. For this purpose, the Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) and the System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) were selected, on the basis of which a control structure, system-level hazards, safety constraints, and unsafe control actions were developed. The results include identified loss scenarios and proposed security measures focused mainly on feedback loops, information distribution, a central database, responsibilities, and implementation feasibility in operational practice. The proposed solution was validated with respect to the possibilities of its practical application, and its limitations arising from information availability, organizational setup, and the legislative framework were also discussed. The limitations of the proposed measures are significant particularly because the field of civil aviation security is highly regulated and many relevant details are not publicly accessible, which prevents practical testing of the proposed measures and, without special authorization, does not allow comparing the adjusted process with a real process used in operational practice. The proposed measures and their discussed implementation were validated by an expert in civil aviation security and aviation security quality control. The thesis shows that a security test should not be evaluated only by its result, but also as a source of information about the functioning of the entire security control system.