Emise zážehového motoru a modelování třícestného řízeného katalytického systému

Abstract

Automobiles are an important part of life in today's world. These machines are the main escorts for our daily travels. Automobiles are also one of the source of air pollution. So, reducing engine out emission is a great challenge for OEM?s and all of them work to continuously improve their control strategies to reduce pollutants as much as possible from the engine out emissions. Three way catalyst is a efficient element of the exhaust system for gasoline engine because it removes the pollutants (NOx, CO, HC)1 significantly from the combustion residues before they are released into the environment. Toyota is one of the world?s leading car manufacturers. Toyota takes serious responsibilities to help protect the environment that means creating the vehicles which have a little impact as possible on the natural world around us. Toyota?s research and technology roadmap brings together a broad range of environmental technologies for cleaner, more efficient future mobility. This thesis mainly deals with the development of aged TWC2 models because Toyota wants to ensure the clean mobility of Toyota cars along their entire life period .Usually, the ageing of the catalyst are done on specific test benches. This is time consuming and have high cost for testing and prototyping. Model Based Design (MBD) team of R&D Powertrain in Toyota Motor Europe is responsible for developing the TWC predictive models for Toyota cars. Previously, MBD team was calibrating each aged TWC model individually. To improve the process of TWC modeling, I took the responsibility to develop TWC ageing laws in order to reduce prototype, testing cost and model calibration time. Therefore, I proposed a methodology by extracting an ageing law from the existing models. As an outcome, two ageing laws were proposed, one for full catalyst, the other one depending on the washcoat properties. Final accuracy is similar as the existing models. As a next step , the ageing law was applied on the new generation fresh TWC to validate the ageing law. Detailed investigation indicates that ageing law prediction is accurate. Even the improvement of fresh model OSC3 reactions and thermal behaviour could improve the final accuracy.

Automobiles are an important part of life in today's world. These machines are the main escorts for our daily travels. Automobiles are also one of the source of air pollution. So, reducing engine out emission is a great challenge for OEM?s and all of them work to continuously improve their control strategies to reduce pollutants as much as possible from the engine out emissions. Three way catalyst is a efficient element of the exhaust system for gasoline engine because it removes the pollutants (NOx, CO, HC)1 significantly from the combustion residues before they are released into the environment. Toyota is one of the world?s leading car manufacturers. Toyota takes serious responsibilities to help protect the environment that means creating the vehicles which have a little impact as possible on the natural world around us. Toyota?s research and technology roadmap brings together a broad range of environmental technologies for cleaner, more efficient future mobility. This thesis mainly deals with the development of aged TWC2 models because Toyota wants to ensure the clean mobility of Toyota cars along their entire life period .Usually, the ageing of the catalyst are done on specific test benches. This is time consuming and have high cost for testing and prototyping. Model Based Design (MBD) team of R&D Powertrain in Toyota Motor Europe is responsible for developing the TWC predictive models for Toyota cars. Previously, MBD team was calibrating each aged TWC model individually. To improve the process of TWC modeling, I took the responsibility to develop TWC ageing laws in order to reduce prototype, testing cost and model calibration time. Therefore, I proposed a methodology by extracting an ageing law from the existing models. As an outcome, two ageing laws were proposed, one for full catalyst, the other one depending on the washcoat properties. Final accuracy is similar as the existing models. As a next step , the ageing law was applied on the new generation fresh TWC to validate the ageing law. Detailed investigation indicates that ageing law prediction is accurate. Even the improvement of fresh model OSC3 reactions and thermal behaviour could improve the final accuracy.