The article deals with the issue of vegetation, particularly mature vegetation, along transport routes. Since rather heated discussions on this issue have appeared recently, particularly in relation to road safety, the authors of this article decided to present this issue in wider context and from different viewpoints. The starting point for this issue is mentioned in the introduction. The next part deals with the history of planting tree alleys and avenues in the Czech Republic. Subsequently, a brief summary of advantages and drawbacks of mature vegetation along transport routes is presented. The other part of the article discusses the environmental bases and, last but not least, the article deals with the impact of mature vegetation on road safety.
