Chatter‑free milling strategy of a slender Blisk blade via stock distribution optimization and continuous spindle speed change

Abstract

The machining process of Blisk blades poses multiple challenges due to high requirements on surface quality and precision combined with high dynamic compliance of the thin-walled blades. Avoidance of chatter is thus of high priority in Blisk blade machining. However, the geometry of the Blisk blade array where the tool must fit between individual blades significantly limits the possibilities of controlling stability through the relative orientation of the tool and workpiece. Thus, the main parameters that can be used to control the stability of the process are the distribution of stock allowance and the spindle speed. Due to the effect of material removal on the blade’s dynamic properties, spindle speed needs to be adjusted throughout the machining process to keep it within the continuously changing stability gaps. This paper describes in detail an optimization procedure for the design of stock allowance distribution in such a way that a continuous spindle speed modulation is possible that avoids chatter throughout the machining process by maintaining spindle speeds within stability gaps. The presented algorithm uses finite element analysis software to simulate the effects of stock allowance distribution and material removal on workpiece dynamical properties. This information is then coupled with a stability model based on the Jacobian of the cutting force with respect to the regenerative deflection to identify the varying stability gaps throughout the machining process. The proposed method was experimentally verified.