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RX-J0852−4622: THE NEAREST HISTORICAL SUPERNOVA REMNANT – AGAIN
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
RX-J0852−4622, a supernova remnant, is demonstrated to be closer than 500 pc, based on the measurements of the angular radius, the angular expansion rate and the TeV g-ray flux. This is a new method of limiting the distance ...
SUPERNOVA 1987A: CELEBRATING A SILVER JUBILEE
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
The story of the SN 1987A explosion is briefly reviewed. Although this supernova was somewhat peculiar, the study of SN 1987A has clarified quite a number of important aspects of the nature and the properties of supernovae, ...
XMM-NEWTON SCIENTIFIC HIGHLIGHTS: X-RAY SPECTROSCOPIC POPULATION STUDIES OF AGN
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
In this paper I review the contribution that the XMM-Newton ESA X-ray mission has given to our understanding of Active Galactic Nuclei, together with other operational, and complementary, X-ray facilities. I will focus on ...
GALACTIC AND EXTRAGALACTIC SUPERNOVA REMNANTS AS SITES OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
Supernova remnants, owing to their strong shock waves, are likely sources of Galactic cosmic rays. Studies of supernova remnants in X-rays and gamma rays provide us with new insights into the acceleration of particles to ...
METALS IN THE ICM: WITNESSES OF CLUSTER FORMATION AND EVOLUTION
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
The baryonic composition of galaxy clusters and groups is dominated by a hot, X-ray emitting Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM). The mean metallicity of the ICM has been found to be roughly 0.3 ÷ 0.5 times the solar value, therefore ...
DARK ENERGY AND KEY PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
We study physics of clusters of galaxies embedded in the cosmic dark energy background. The equilibrium and stability of polytropic spheres with equation of state of the matter P = Kpγ, γ = 1 + 1/n, in presence ...
THE 2H(α, γ)6LI REACTION AT LUNA AND BIG BANG NUCLEOSYNTHETIS
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
The 2H(α, γ)6Li reaction is the leading process for the production of 6Li in standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. Recent observations of lithium abundance in metal-poor halo stars suggest that there might be a 6Li plateau, ...
THE FIRST STARS
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
Pop III stars are the key to the character of primeval galaxies, the first heavy elements, the onset of cosmological reionization, and the seeds of supermassive black holes. Unfortunately, in spite of their increasing ...
THE SZ EFFECT IN THE PLANCK ERA: ASTROPHYSICAL AND COSMOLOGICAL IMPACT
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
The Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect (SZE) is a relevant probe for cosmology and particle astrophysics. The Planck Era marks a definite step forward in the use of this probe for astrophysics and cosmology. Astrophysical applications ...
RESULTS FROM THE XENON100 EXPERIMENT
(České vysoké učení technické v PrazeCzech Technical University in Prague, 2013)
The XENON program consists in operating and developing double-phase time projection chambers using liquid xenon as the target material. It aims to directly detect dark matter in the form of WIMPs via their elastic scattering ...