Study of the degradationn of selected metal complexes by advanced oxidation methods
Studium rozkladu komplexů vybraných kovů pomocí pokročilých oxidačních metod
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České vysoké učení technické v Praze
Czech Technical University in Prague
Czech Technical University in Prague
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2025-06-05
Abstract
Během provozu jaderné elektrárny dochází (např. při pravidelných dekontaminacích) ke vzniku značného množství sekundárních kapalných radioaktivních odpadů. K jejich zpracování se používají metody (např. systém odparek), které mohou mít problém, pokud se v odpadech vyskytují některé organické látky. Alternativou by mohly být tzv. pokročilé oxidační procesy (AOP), což jsou metody, jejichž principem je tvorba radikálu
OH, který následně způsobuje rozklad složitých organických látek na jednodušší, ideálně na CO2 a H2O. Cílem této práce bylo studium možností využití AOP pro zpracování kapalného radioaktivního odpadu na jaderných elektrárnách. Jako vybrané testované metody zahrnující tyto procesy byly zvoleny: ozonizace, fotolýza, fotolýza s přídavkem peroxidu vodíku a kombinace ozonizace s fotolýzou. Úspěšnost jednotlivých metod byla porovnávána na základě účinnosti odstranění celkového organického uhlíku (snížení hodnoty TOC) a snížení hodnoty CHSKCr. Pro experimenty byly použity komplexující látky, běžně používané jako součást dekontaminačních roztoků kyselina citronová a chelaton III v prostředí kyseliny trihydrogenborité při pH 3,5; 7 a 9 a jejich komplexy se železem a manganem. Jako nejúčinnější se ukázalo použití kombinace ozonu s UV lampou (fotolýza). Samotný ozon dobře fungoval v neutrálním až zásaditém prostředí pro obě komplexující látky. Naopak fotolýza a ani její kombinace s peroxidem vodíku nebyly dostatečně účinné.
During the operation of a nuclear power plant, a significant amount of secondary liquid radioactive waste is generated (e.g., during regular decontamination procedures). To process this waste, methods such as evaporator systems are used, which may encounter difficulties when certain organic substances are present in the waste. An alternative could be the so-called advanced oxidation processes (AOP), which are methods based on the generation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH). These radicals subsequently cause the decomposition of complex organic substances into simpler ones, ideally into CO and HO. The aim of this work was to study the potential use of AOP for the treatment of liquid radioactive waste from nuclear power plants. The selected tested methods involving these processes included: ozonation, photolysis, photolysis with the addition of hydrogen peroxide, and a combination of ozonation with photolysis. The effectiveness of each method was compared based on the efficiency of total organic carbon (TOC) removal and the reduction of the chemical oxygen demand (CODCr). For the experiments, commonly used complexing agents found in decontamination solutions were applied citric acid and EDTA (Chelaton III)in a trihydroxyboric acid environment at pH 3.5, 7, and 9, including their complexes with iron and manganese. The most effective method was found to be the combination of ozone with a UV lamp (photolysis). Ozone itself was found to be effective in neutral to alkaline conditions for both complexing agents. In contrast, photolysis itself and also its combination with hydrogen peroxide were not sufficiently effective.
During the operation of a nuclear power plant, a significant amount of secondary liquid radioactive waste is generated (e.g., during regular decontamination procedures). To process this waste, methods such as evaporator systems are used, which may encounter difficulties when certain organic substances are present in the waste. An alternative could be the so-called advanced oxidation processes (AOP), which are methods based on the generation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH). These radicals subsequently cause the decomposition of complex organic substances into simpler ones, ideally into CO and HO. The aim of this work was to study the potential use of AOP for the treatment of liquid radioactive waste from nuclear power plants. The selected tested methods involving these processes included: ozonation, photolysis, photolysis with the addition of hydrogen peroxide, and a combination of ozonation with photolysis. The effectiveness of each method was compared based on the efficiency of total organic carbon (TOC) removal and the reduction of the chemical oxygen demand (CODCr). For the experiments, commonly used complexing agents found in decontamination solutions were applied citric acid and EDTA (Chelaton III)in a trihydroxyboric acid environment at pH 3.5, 7, and 9, including their complexes with iron and manganese. The most effective method was found to be the combination of ozone with a UV lamp (photolysis). Ozone itself was found to be effective in neutral to alkaline conditions for both complexing agents. In contrast, photolysis itself and also its combination with hydrogen peroxide were not sufficiently effective.
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Vysokoškolská závěrečná práce je dílo chráněné autorským zákonem. Je možné pořizovat z něj na své náklady a pro svoji osobní potřebu výpisy, opisy a rozmnoženiny. Jeho využití musí být v souladu s autorským zákonem v platném znění.
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A university thesis is a work protected by the Copyright Act of the Czech Republic. Extracts, copies and transcripts of the thesis are allowed for personal use only and at one`s own expense. The use of thesis should be in compliance with the Copyright Act.