Fouling in process apparatuses

Abstract

This resesrch work contain the brief discription of fouling, types of fouling and the mechanism by which it create on the surface of heat exchangers. Mainly the thesis work focus on the fouling in food process industries and how fouling affect the thermal and hydronic properties for that exchanger. This extra layer on the surface of exchanger may reduce the effectiveness of the heat exchanger by reducing the heat transfer and increasing the pressure drop of the given apparatus. With the affect of which the pumping power is increased and finally leads to affect the economy of the whole process. It also include the considerable model for calculate the fouling impact on the apparatus of heating material. In which the rate of deposition and removal consider to be a main governing parameter and the whole work focus on that model which minimise that overall mass deposition rate. Based on one experimantal result of calcium carbonate fouling which may cause the crystallization and particle fouling a model was developed to predict the fouling. By result of which the dependency of fouling resistance change with time has obtained. Sometimes it is not easy to differentiate the type of fouling as it could be a complex phenomena of nucleation which is also considered in this work. This research consist already did experimental result of some previous work which suggest the right way to remove the fouling layer for different types of fouling. According to given papers which method is suitable for cleaning selected type of fouling are the very important considerable fact which govern the overall industrial processes. For example for the cleaning of food process apparatus, chemical cleaning is not preferable while on other hand we can use it to remove crude oil industry fouling layer. At the end the aim of this thesis is to developed the new apporach towards fouling by developing the new methods to reduce it. Other than these usind additives, coating materials, design consideration etc are the other method to clean the fouling surface. With the help of the new methods we can create the most efficient model with keeping in regard all parameters.

This resesrch work contain the brief discription of fouling, types of fouling and the mechanism by which it create on the surface of heat exchangers. Mainly the thesis work focus on the fouling in food process industries and how fouling affect the thermal and hydronic properties for that exchanger. This extra layer on the surface of exchanger may reduce the effectiveness of the heat exchanger by reducing the heat transfer and increasing the pressure drop of the given apparatus. With the affect of which the pumping power is increased and finally leads to affect the economy of the whole process. It also include the considerable model for calculate the fouling impact on the apparatus of heating material. In which the rate of deposition and removal consider to be a main governing parameter and the whole work focus on that model which minimise that overall mass deposition rate. Based on one experimantal result of calcium carbonate fouling which may cause the crystallization and particle fouling a model was developed to predict the fouling. By result of which the dependency of fouling resistance change with time obtained. Sometimes it is not easy to differentiate the type of fouling as it could be a complex phenomena of nucleation which is also considered in this work. This research consist already did experimental result of some previous work which suggest the right way to remove the fouling layer for different types of fouling. In all provide resources mothodsAccording to given papers which method is suitable for cleaning selected type of fouling are the very important considerable fact which govern the overall industrial processes. For example for the cleaning of food process apparatus, chemical cleaning is not preferable while on other hand we can use it to remove crude oil industry fouling layer. At the end the aim of this thesis is to developed the new apporach towards fouling by developing the new methods to reduce it. Other than these usind additives, coating materials, design consideration etc are the other method to clean the fouling surface. With the help of the new methods we can create the most efficient model with keeping in regard all parameters.