Spectrometric systems for mixed field of gamma radiation and neutrons.
Typ dokumentu
habilitační prácehabilitation thesis
Autor
Matěj, Zdeněk
Metadata
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Devices working with ionizing radiation are nowadays used in many areas. It is not only the energy industry, but also there are, for example, many therapeutical and diagnostical procedures in medicine that use this kind of radiation. Many research laboratories try hard to describe and simulate the behavior of these devices in relation to their functionality and to the safety of the personnel using it. Devices generating neutron radiation are of special concern. This is common for example at cyclotrons producing radiopharmaceuticals. This kind of radiation is accompanied by gamma radiation and it is not possible to measure it independently in wider energy intervals. Thus it is important to focus on methods and algorithms that enable us to suitably distinguish individual radiation components and evaluate them independently. There are several methods to measure neutron radiation, e.g. activation analysis, Bonner spheres, proportional counters, time of flight, etc. The quality of the output of separation methods depends on the quality of the input. This data can be obtained in varying quality nowadays. If we concentrate on the energy range of neutrons produced in nuclear reactors, the range is approximately 0.5 to 20 MeV. For the best results, it is necessary to design and manufacture the whole spectrometric system together with its various modules from scratch. It is also necessary to validate and verify individual methods and algorithms used. However, these procedures cannot be performed only with generated or simulated data, it is important to use neutron sources that are well defined using statistical methods (for example reference fields).
The aim of this work is to acquaint the reader with research results in the area of the design of individual modules and algorithms for spectrometric systems, including examples of validation and verification with real experiments on nuclear facilities. This work also deals with the hardware and software design of the spectrometric system.
This work is structured as a collection of selected academic publications supplemented with introductory commentaries that provide necessary context. It is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the description of the spectrometric system, methods, algorithms, and tools that we devised for the spectrometric system for mixed radiation fields. The second part describes improvements of individual algorithms and modules all the way to the verification and validation of the spectrometric chain, including hardware and software tools.
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