STABILITY OF BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES IN A PT-SYMMETRIC DOUBLE-δ POTENTIAL CLOSE TO BRANCH POINTS
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articlePeer-reviewed
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Löhle, Andreas
Cartarius, Holger
Haag, Daniel
Dast, Dennis
Main, Jörg
Wunner, Günter Wunner
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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A Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a double-well potential, where atoms are incoupled to one side and extracted from the other, can in the mean-field limit be described by the nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) with a PT symmetric external potential. If the strength of the in- and outcoupling is increased two PT broken states bifurcate from the PT symmetric ground state. At this bifurcation point a stability change of the ground state is expected. However, it is observed that this stability change does not occur exactly at the bifurcation but at a slightly different strength of the in-/outcoupling effect. We investigate a Bose-Einstein condensate in a PT symmetric double-δ potential and calculate the stationary states. The ground state’s stability is analysed by means of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations and it is shown that the difference in the strength of the in-/outcoupling between the bifurcation and the stability change can be completely explained by the norm-dependency of the nonlinear term in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
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