RISC-V open-source microarchitecture analysis and optimization
Analýza a optimalizace vybrané RISC-V open-source mikroarchitektury
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České vysoké učení technické v Praze
Czech Technical University in Prague
Czech Technical University in Prague
Date of defense
2025-06-12
Abstract
Tato diplomová práce se zaměřuje na návrh soft-procesoru a systému na čipu (SoC). Procesor je založen na rozšíření stávající RISC-V mikroarchitektury. Cílem je analyzovat a implementovat funkcionality, které umožní využít procesor v praktických aplikacích, přičemž je kladen důraz na zachování jednoduchosti původní mikroarchitektury. Tato vlastnost je klíčová pro využití ve výuce počítačových architektur.
Výsledkem práce je procesor s jednocyklovou mikroarchitekturou podporující instrukční sadu RV32IMZicsr, privilegovaný režim Machine Mode a ladění prostřednictvím nástroje GNU Debugger dle oficiální specifikace. Procesor je taktován na frekvenci 50 MHz a využívá systémovou sběrnici Wishbone. V rámci práce byl rovněž vyvinut systém na čipu integrující navržený procesor a širokou škálu periferií, včetně 512 KiB systémové RAM, HDMI audio-video adaptéru, sériového portu, univerzálních vstupů a výstupů, ladicího modulu a dalších komponent. Systém je syntetizovatelný pro FPGA platformu Nexys Video a obsahuje kompletní simulační konfiguraci s podporou virtuálního JTAG rozhraní. Syntéza i simulace jsou řízeny jednotným konfiguračním nástrojem, který slouží jako uživatelsky přívětivé rozhraní nad nástroji hardwarového návrhu (EDA tools).
Součástí práce je také softwarová podpora v podobě vývojové sady (SDK) pro jazyk C. Sada zahrnuje nízkoúrovňové i vysokoúrovňové ovladače pro periferie a je demonstrována na vzorových aplikacích, například hudebním přehrávači.
Celkový návrh systému byl koncipován s důrazem na jednoduchost a srozumitelnost, což z něj činí vhodný nástroj pro vzdělávací účely.
This master's thesis focuses on the soft-processor and system on chip (SoC) design. The processor is based on the extension of a RISC-V processor microarchitecture. The aim is to analyze and implement features that enable practical use of the soft-processor, while maintaining the simplicity of the original microarchitecture. This property is crucial for applications in computer architecture courses. The outcome of the thesis is a processor with a single-cycle microarchitecture supporting the RV32IMZicsr instruction set, the Machine Mode privileged level, and debugging via the GNU Debugger tool according to the official specification. The processor operates at a clock frequency of 50 MHz and uses the Wishbone system bus. As part of the work, a system on chip was also developed, integrating the designed processor and a wide range of peripherals, including 512 KiB of system RAM, an HDMI audio-video adapter, a serial port, general-purpose inputs and outputs, a debugging module, and other components. The system is synthesizable for the Nexys Video FPGA platform and includes a complete simulation setup with support for a virtual JTAG interface. Both synthesis and simulation are managed by a unified configuration tool, which works as a user-friendly front-end for underlying electronic design automation (EDA) tools. The thesis also includes software support in the form of a C language Software Development Kit (SDK). The SDK provides both low-level and high-level drivers for peripherals. The use of the SDK is illustrated through sample applications, such as a music player. The overall system design was conceived with a strong emphasis on simplicity and clarity, making it a suitable tool for educational purposes.
This master's thesis focuses on the soft-processor and system on chip (SoC) design. The processor is based on the extension of a RISC-V processor microarchitecture. The aim is to analyze and implement features that enable practical use of the soft-processor, while maintaining the simplicity of the original microarchitecture. This property is crucial for applications in computer architecture courses. The outcome of the thesis is a processor with a single-cycle microarchitecture supporting the RV32IMZicsr instruction set, the Machine Mode privileged level, and debugging via the GNU Debugger tool according to the official specification. The processor operates at a clock frequency of 50 MHz and uses the Wishbone system bus. As part of the work, a system on chip was also developed, integrating the designed processor and a wide range of peripherals, including 512 KiB of system RAM, an HDMI audio-video adapter, a serial port, general-purpose inputs and outputs, a debugging module, and other components. The system is synthesizable for the Nexys Video FPGA platform and includes a complete simulation setup with support for a virtual JTAG interface. Both synthesis and simulation are managed by a unified configuration tool, which works as a user-friendly front-end for underlying electronic design automation (EDA) tools. The thesis also includes software support in the form of a C language Software Development Kit (SDK). The SDK provides both low-level and high-level drivers for peripherals. The use of the SDK is illustrated through sample applications, such as a music player. The overall system design was conceived with a strong emphasis on simplicity and clarity, making it a suitable tool for educational purposes.
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Vysokoškolská závěrečná práce je dílo chráněné autorským zákonem. Je možné pořizovat z něj na své náklady a pro svoji osobní potřebu výpisy, opisy a rozmnoženiny. Jeho využití musí být v souladu s autorským zákonem v platném znění.
A university thesis is a work protected by the Copyright Act of the Czech Republic. Extracts, copies and transcripts of the thesis are allowed for personal use only and at one`s own expense. The use of thesis should be in compliance with the Copyright Act.
A university thesis is a work protected by the Copyright Act of the Czech Republic. Extracts, copies and transcripts of the thesis are allowed for personal use only and at one`s own expense. The use of thesis should be in compliance with the Copyright Act.