Effectivity of the treatment of primary open angle glaucoma with betablockers and prostaglandins
Efektivita léčby glaukomu otevřeného úhlu betablokátory a prostaglandiny
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České vysoké učení technické v Praze
Czech Technical University in Prague
Czech Technical University in Prague
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Glaukom je skupina onemocnění, které současná medicína nedokáže zcela vyléčit, pouze je možné vývoj onemocnění vhodnou léčbou výrazně zpomalit až téměř zastavit. Uprimárního glaukomu otevřeného úhlu je farmakoterapie obvykle léčebnou metodou první volby. V současné době je k dispozici řada přípravků na různé bázi účinku, které lze užívat jako monoterapii či je dle potřeby kombinovat. Cílem této práce je porovnání efektivityléčby primárního glaukomu otevřeného úhlu betablokátory a prostaglandinya zjištění, zda tyto antiglaukomatika dostatečně stabilizují nitrooční tlak a udržují stabilní zorné pole. Rešeršní část popisuje pojem glaukom, jeho výskyt vpopulaci, klasifikaci adiagnostikuglaukomu. Dále jsou zdepředstaveny jednotlivéskupiny léčiv a jejich vlastností, které se užívají odpočátečního stadia onemocnění, a jejichž hlavním úkolem je především dlouhodobé sníženínitroočníhotlakua zabránění nevratným změnám ve zrakovém nervu. Vexperimentální části jsou porovnány změny zorného pole a nitroočního tlaku před zahájením léčby a vprůběhu léčby u dvou stejně velkých skupin pacientů, znichž jedna byla léčena betablokátory a druhá prostaglandiny. Naměřené hodnoty byly statisticky zpracovány. Na základě experimentálních údajů a jejich zpracování bylo zjištěno, že e fektivita léčby primárního glaukomu otevřeného úhlu betablokátory a prostaglandinyje srovnatelná, zejména sohledem na změny nitroočního tlaku.
Glaucoma is a group of illnesses which cannot be fully treated by modern medicine;itis only possible to slow down the illness development significantly or almost to stop it. Pharmacotherapy is a first choice treatment method for primary open angle glaucoma. Nowadays there is a variety of medications of different base effect which can be u sed as monotherapy or if needed it is possible to combine them. The goal of my thesis is to compare the effectivity of the treatment of primary open angle glaucoma with betablockers and prostaglandins and to find out if these glaucoma medications sufficiently stabilize intraocular pressure and keep a stable field of vision. A research part describes termglaucoma, its population occurrence, classification and glaucoma diagnosis. Further, particular groups of medications and their character are mentioned. These are medications which are used from early illness stage and their main task is mainly long-term decrease of intraocular pressure and prevention of non-returnable changes of optic nerve. In the experimental part the field of vision changes and intraocular pressure before treatment and during treatmentare compared. It is done with two groups of patients ofthesame size, one of them treated by betablockers and the other by prostaglandins. Measured figures were statistically processed. Based on the experimental data and its processing it was found out that primary open angle glaucoma treatment efficiency by betablockers and prostaglandins is comparable, mainly with regard to intraocular pressure changes.
Glaucoma is a group of illnesses which cannot be fully treated by modern medicine;itis only possible to slow down the illness development significantly or almost to stop it. Pharmacotherapy is a first choice treatment method for primary open angle glaucoma. Nowadays there is a variety of medications of different base effect which can be u sed as monotherapy or if needed it is possible to combine them. The goal of my thesis is to compare the effectivity of the treatment of primary open angle glaucoma with betablockers and prostaglandins and to find out if these glaucoma medications sufficiently stabilize intraocular pressure and keep a stable field of vision. A research part describes termglaucoma, its population occurrence, classification and glaucoma diagnosis. Further, particular groups of medications and their character are mentioned. These are medications which are used from early illness stage and their main task is mainly long-term decrease of intraocular pressure and prevention of non-returnable changes of optic nerve. In the experimental part the field of vision changes and intraocular pressure before treatment and during treatmentare compared. It is done with two groups of patients ofthesame size, one of them treated by betablockers and the other by prostaglandins. Measured figures were statistically processed. Based on the experimental data and its processing it was found out that primary open angle glaucoma treatment efficiency by betablockers and prostaglandins is comparable, mainly with regard to intraocular pressure changes.